UPSC PRELIMS 2023 – GS PAPER 1 – ANSWERS with SOLUTIONS (Que 41- Que 60)
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UPSC PRELIMS 2023 – GS PAPER 1 – ANSWERS with SOLUTIONS (Que 41 - Que 60)
41. With reference to Home Guards, consider the following statements:
1. Home Guards are raised under the Home Guards Act and
Rules of the Central Government.
2. The role of the Home Guards is to serve as an auxiliary
force to maintenance of the police in internal security.
3. To prevent infiltration the on international
border/coastal areas, the Border Wing Home Guards Battalions have been raised
in some States.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (b) only two
Explanation: (1) The Home Guard is a voluntary force, which
was formed in India in December 1946 for the first time to assist the police in
controlling civil unrest and communal riots. Statement 1 is incorrect: The Home
Guards are constituted under the Home Guard Act and the rules of the States/UTs
(not the Central Government).
(2) Statement 2 is correct Acting as an assistant to the
police and generally helping to maintain internal security. To help the
community in any kind of emergency - such as air raid alert or any natural
calamity.
42. With reference to India, consider the following pairs:
Action The Act under which it is covered
1. Unauthorized wearing of police or uniforms: The Official
Secrets Act, 1923.
2. Knowingly misleading or otherwise interfering with a
police officer оr military officer when engaged in their duties: The Indian
Evidence Act, 1872.
3. Celebratory gunfire which can endanger the personal
safety of others: The Arms (Amendment) Act, 2019
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (b) only two
Explanation: (1) Statement 1 is correct. The Official
Secrets Act of 1923 is India's anti-espionage law. It says that actions that
help the nation against India's enemies are strongly condemned. It also states
that no one may approach, inspect or pass through a restricted government site
or area.
(2) Statement 2 is incorrect. Sections 115 to 117 of the
Evidence Act, 1872 deal with estoppel. The doctrine of estoppel prevents a
person from giving false evidence by preventing him from making contradictory
statements in a court of law. The purpose of this doctrine is to prevent one
person from committing fraud against another.
(3) Statement 3 is correct. The Arms (Amendment) Bill, 2019
was introduced by Home Minister Amit Shah in the Lok Sabha on 29 November
2019The bill seeks to amend the Arms Act, 1959 by reducing the number of
licensed firearms permitted per person and increasing penalties for certain
offenses under the Act. It also introduces new categories of offences.
43. Consider the following pairs:
Regions often mentioned in news : Reason for being mentioned
in news
1. North Kivu and Ituri : War between Armenia and Azerbaijan
2. Nagorno-Karabakh : Insurgency in Mozambique
3. Kherson and Zaporizhzhia : Dispute between Israel and
Lebanon
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (d) None
Explanation: North Kivuuri and Ituri – in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo
Nagorno-Karabakh - disputed between Armenia and Azerbaijan
Kherson and Zaporizhia - regions of Ukraine annexed by
Russia
44. Consider the following statements:
Statement-1:
Israel has established diplomatic relations with some Arab
States.
Statement-II:
The ‘Arab Peace Initiative’ mediated by Saudi Arabia was
signed by Israel and Arab League.
Which one of the following is correct
in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and
Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-1
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and
Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-1
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect .
(d) Statement-I is incorrect Statement-II is correct.
ANSWER: OPTION (a)
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Israel has not signed the Arab
Peace Initiative. The Arab Peace Initiative, also known as the "Saudi
Initiative", was proposed by Saudi Arabia at the 2002 Arab League Summit
in Beirut. The Arab League recognized it as a possible resolution to the
Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
45. Consider the following pairs with regard to sports
awards:
1. Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award: For the most
spectacular and outstanding per- formance by a sportsperson over period of last
four years.
2. Arjuna Award: For the lifetime achievement by a
sportsperson.
3. Dronacharya Award: To honour eminent coaches who have
successfully trained sportspersons or teams.
4. Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puraskar: To recognize the
contribution made by sportspersons even after their retirement.
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
ANSWER: OPTION (a) Only one
Explanation: (1) The Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award for
excellence in sports and sports at the international level will be awarded for
spectacular and outstanding achievements in the field of sports by a
sportsperson during the four years immediately preceding the year in which the
award is to be made.
(2) Arjuna Award: Arjuna Award is given to athletes for
outstanding achievements in the field of sports. It is not specifically for
lifetime achievement, but for excellence in their respective fields.
(3) The Dronacharya Award, officially known as the
Dronacharya Award for Outstanding Coaches in Sports and Sports, is a sports
training honor of the Republic of India. The award is named after Drona, often
referred to as "Dronacharya" or "Guru Drona", a character
in the ancient Indian Sanskrit epic Mahabharata.
(4) Any corporate body, public or private, sports governing
bodies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) including state and national
level sports bodies, which have played a visible role in the field of sports
promotion and development, will be eligible for consideration for the nation.
Sports are encouraged.
46. Consider the following statements in respect of the 44th
Chess Olympiad, 2022:
1. It was the first time that Chess Olympiad was held in
India.
2. The official mascot was named Thambi
3. The trophy for the winning team in the open section is
the Vera
Menchik Cup.
4. The trophy for the winning team in the women’s section is
the
Hamilton-Russell Cup
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
ANSWER: OPTION (b) only two
Explanation: Statement 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 3 and 4 are interchanged. The trophy for the
winning team in the open division is the Hamilton-Russell Cup and the trophy
for the winning team in the women's division is the Vera Menchik Cup.
47. Consider the following pairs:
Area of conflict mentioned in news : Country where it is
located
1. Donbas : Syria
2. Kachin : Ethiopia
3. Tigray : North Yemen
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (d) None
Explanation: (1) Donbas is not located in Syria. Donbass
refers to a region in eastern Ukraine, specifically the region of Donetsk and
Luhansk, where there is ongoing conflict between Ukrainian government forces
and separatist groups
(2) Kachin is a region located in Myanmar (Burma), not
Ethiopia. Kachin State is located in the northern part of Myanmar and is known
for its Kachin population. Conflict and tension have arisen between the Kachin
Independence Army and the Myanmar government
(3) Tigray is
actually a region and it is in Ethiopia, not North Yemen. The Tigray region in
northern Ethiopia is in the spotlight due to the recent conflict between the
regional government of Tigray and the Ethiopian federal government that started
in the late 2020s.
48. In the recent years Chad, Guinea, Mali and Sudan caught
the international attention for which one of the following reasons common to
all of them?
(a) Discovery of rich deposits of rare earth elements
(b) Establishment of Chinese military
(c) Southward expansion of Sahara Desert
(d) Successful coup
ANSWER: OPTION (d) Successful coup
Explanation: Chad, Guinea, Mali and Sudan have all
experienced successful transitions in recent years. In Chad, a military coup
took place in April 2021. In Guinea, a military coup took place in September
2021. In Mali, there have been two military coups in recent years, one in
August 2020 and one in May 2021. A military coup took place in Sudan in October
2021.
The coups in these countries have had a significant impact
on the region and have attracted international attention. The coups have fueled
instability and violence and hampered efforts to address many of the region's
challenges, including poverty, climate change and terrorism.
49. Consider the following heavy industries:
1. Fertilizer plants
2. Oil refineries
3. Steel plants
Green hydrogen is expected to play a significant role in
decarbonizing how many of the above industries?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (c) All three
Explanation: Fueling green hydrogen fuel cell vehicles can
play an important role in decarbonizing the sector According to a study by the
Government of India, fuel cell vehicles powered by green hydrogen can save
around 1 billion liters of diesel and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 2.8
million tonnes by 2030.
50. Consider the following statements about G-20:
1. The G-20 group was originally established as a platform
for the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to discuss the
international economic financial issues and
2. (Digital public infrastructure) is one of India’s G-20
priorities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
ANSWER: OPTION (c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation: (1) The G20 group of 19 countries and the EU
were established in 1999 as a platform for finance ministers and central bank
governors to discuss international economic and financial issues. Together, the
G20 countries account for almost two-thirds of the world's population, 75% of
world trade and 85% of world GDP
(2) Digital public infrastructure is one of the key
priorities of India's G20 presidency. This is a cross-cutting theme in various
working groups, including the Global Partnership for Digital Economy, Health,
Education and Financial Inclusion
Both statements are
correct.
51. Consider the following statements.
1. Jhelum River passes through Wular Lake.
2. Krishna River directly feeds Kolleru Lake.
3. Meandering of gandak river formed Kanwar Lake.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (a) only one
Explanation: (1) The Jhelum rises from a deep spring at
Vernag in the Indian-administered region of Kashmir, in the Union Territory of
West Jammu and Kashmir. The river flows northwest from the northern slopes of
the Pir Panjal range through the Kashmir valley to the Wular Lake at Srinagar,
which controls its flow.
52. Consider the following pairs
Ports Well known for
1 Kamarajar Port: first major port in India registered as a
company
2 Mundra Port: largest privately owned Fort in India.
3 Visakhapatnam port: largest container port in India.
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) All three pairs
(d) None of the pairs
ANSWER: OPTION (b) only two pairs
Explanation: (1) Kamarajar Port Limited, formerly Ennore
Port, is located on the Coromandel Coast, Chennai and 18 km north of Chennai
Port. It is the 12th largest port in India and the first port in India to be a
public company.
(2) Mundra Port is the largest private port in India. Mundra
Port is located on the north shore of Gulf of Kutch near Mundra in Kutch
district of Gujarat state. Mundra is a major container and bulk cargo hub.
(3) Visakhapatnam Port is one of the 13 major ports in India
and the only major port in Andhra Pradesh. It is the third largest state-owned
port in India in terms of cargo volume and the largest on the east coast. It is
located on the Bay of Bengal between the ports of Chennai and Kolkata.
53. Consider the following trees:
1. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
2. Mahua (Madhuca indica)
3 . Teak (Tectona grandis)
How many of the above are deciduous trees?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(C) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (C) All three
Explanation: (1) The jackfruit tree is a species of tree in
the fig, mulberry, and breadfruit family. It is a tropical evergreen tree,
which means it does not lose its leaves seasonally. So, it is not deciduous.
(2) Mahua (Madhuca Indica): The Mahua tree is a tropical
deciduous tree. This means it sheds its leaves in certain seasons, especially
during the dry season.
(3)Teak (Tectona grandis): Teak is a tropical hardwood tree
species in the Lamiaceae family. It is also deciduous and loses its leaves
during the dry season.
54. Consider the following statements
1 India’s more arable area than China.
2 The proportion of irrigated area is more in India has
compared to China.
3 the average productivity per hectare in India and
Agriculture is higher than that in China
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(C) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (a) only two
Explanation: (1) India has the largest arable land of any
country at 1,656,780 km sq (50.4% of total land) compared to China's 1,084,461
km sq (11.3% of total land).
(2) India has more irrigated land than China. China's
irrigated cover is 41% of cultivated area and India's is 48%
(3) China has a higher average productivity per hectare,
i.e. 4.7 tonnes per hectare compared to India's 2.7%
55. Which one of the following is the best example of repeated
fall in sea level giving rise to present-day extensive marshland?
(a) Bhitarkanika Mangroves
(b)Marakkanam salt pans
(c) Naupada swamp
(d) Rann of kutch
ANSWER: OPTION (d) Rann of Kutch
Explanation: The Rann of Kutch is a good example of repeated
falls in sea level, resulting in the present extensive wetlands. It is a large
seasonal salt marsh located in the Thar Desert in the Kutch district of
Gujarat, India.
56. llmenite and rutile, abundantly available in certain
coastal tracts of India are rich source of which of the following?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Copper
(c) Iron
(d) Titanium
ANSWER: OPTION (d) Titanium
Explanation: Ilmenite and rutile are abundant in some
coastal areas of India. They are a rich source of titanium.
57. About three-fourth of world’s Cobalt a metal required
for the manufacture of batteries for electric motor vehicles is produced by
(a) Argentina
(b) Botswana
(c) The Democratic Republic of the Congo
(d) Kazakhstan
ANSWER: OPTION (c) the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Explanation: Half of the world's cobalt originates from the
Democratic Republic of the Congo, while Indonesia, Australia and Brazil hold
the lion's share of global nickel reserves, and the South American 'lithium
triangle' comprising Bolivia, Chile and Argentina holds 75% of the world's
share lithium.
58 which of the following is a part of the Congo Basin?
(a) Cameroon
(b) Nigeria
(C) South Sudan
(d) Uganda
ANSWER: OPTION (a) Cameroon
Explanation: The Congo Basin spans six countries – Cameroon,
Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo,
Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.
59. Consider the following statements
1 Amarkantak Hills are at the Confluence of Vindhya and
Sahyadri range.
2 Biligiriranhan hills constitutes the easternmost part of
Satpura Range.
3 Sheshachalam Hills constitutes southernmost part of
Western Ghats.
How many of the statements given above our correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(C) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (d) None
Explanation: (1) The Amarkantak Hills are located in the
Maikal Range of the Satpura Range. They are not at the confluence of the
Vindhya and Sahyadri ranges.
(2) The Biligirirangan Hills, also known as the BR Hills,
are not part of the Satapuda range. They are located in the Eastern Ghats,
especially in the border areas of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
(3) Seshachalam Hills, also known as Tirumala Hills, are not
part of the Western Ghats. They are located in the Eastern Ghats of Andhra
Pradesh state.
60. With reference to India’s projects on connectivity
consider the following statements
1 East West Corridor under Golden Quadrilateral project
connect Dibrugarh and Surat.
2 Tri-Lateral Highway connects Moreh in Manipur and chiang
Mai in Thailand via Myanmar.
3 Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar economic corridor connect
Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh with Kunming in China.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
ANSWER: OPTION (d) None
Explanation: (1) The East-West Corridor is part of India's
National Highway Development Project (NHDP), which aims to connect Silchar in
Assam to Porbandar in Gujarat. It does not connect Dibrugarh in Assam and Surat
in Gujarat.
(2) The India-Myanmar-Thailand Tripartite Highway connects
Mandla in Manipur, India to Moreh and Mae Sot in Thailand via Nay Pyi Taw in
Myanmar. The total length of the highway is 1360 km.
(3) This corridor connects the three regions of East Asia,
South Asia and Southeast Asia and links the Pacific and Indian Oceans, with
unique regional advantages and geographical advantages.
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